A Review on Energy Consumption Optimization Techniques in IoT Based Smart Building Environments

In recent years, due to the unnecessary wastage of electrical energy in residential buildings, the requirement of energy optimization and user comfort has gained vital importance. In the literature, various techniques have been proposed addressing the energy optimization problem. The goal of each technique was to maintain a balance between user comfort and energy requirements such that the user can achieve the desired comfort level with the minimum amount of energy consumption. Researchers have addressed the issue with the help of different optimization algorithms and variations in the parameters to reduce energy consumption. To the best of our knowledge, this problem is not solved yet due to its challenging nature. The gap in the literature is due to the advancements in the technology and drawbacks of the optimization algorithms and the introduction of different new optimization algorithms. Further, many newly proposed optimization algorithms which have produced better accuracy on the benchmark instances but have not been applied yet for the optimization of energy consumption in smart homes. In this paper, we have carried out a detailed literature review of the techniques used for the optimization of energy consumption and scheduling in smart homes. The detailed discussion has been carried out on different factors contributing towards thermal comfort, visual comfort, and air quality comfort. We have also reviewed the fog and edge computing techniques used in smart homes

Systematic Literature Review on Ontology-based Indonesian Question Answering System

Question-Answering (QA) systems at the intersection of natural language processing, information retrieval, and knowledge representation aim to provide efficient responses to natural language queries. These systems have seen extensive development in English and languages like Indonesian present unique challenges and opportunities. This literature review paper delves into the state of ontology-based Indonesian QA systems, highlighting critical challenges. The first challenge lies in sentence understanding, variations, and complexity. Most systems rely on syntactic analysis and struggle to grasp sentence semantics. Complex sentences, especially in Indonesian, pose difficulties in parsing, semantic interpretation, and knowledge extraction. Addressing these linguistic intricacies is pivotal for accurate responses. Secondly, template-based SPARQL query construction, commonly used in Indonesian QA systems, suffers from semantic gaps and inflexibility. Advanced techniques like semantic matching algorithms and dynamic template generation can bridge these gaps and adapt to evolving ontologies. Thirdly, lexical gaps and ambiguity hinder QA systems. Bridging vocabulary mismatches between user queries and ontology labels remains a challenge. Strategies like synonym expansion, word embedding, and ontology enrichment must be explored further to overcome these challenges. Lastly, the review discusses the potential of developing multi-domain ontologies to broaden the knowledge coverage of QA systems. While this presents complex linguistic and ontological challenges, it offers the advantage of responding to various user queries across various domains. This literature review identifies crucial challenges in developing ontology-based Indonesian QA systems and suggests innovative approaches to address these challenges

Impact of big data congestion in IT: an adaptive knowledge-based bayesian network

Recent progress on real-time systems are growing high in information technology which is showing importance in every single innovative field. Different applications in IT simultaneously produce the enormous measure of information that should be taken care of. In this paper, a novel algorithm of adaptive knowledge-based Bayesian network is proposed to deal with the impact of big data congestion in decision processing. A Bayesian system show is utilized to oversee learning arrangement toward all path for the basic leadership process. Information of Bayesian systems is routinely discharged as an ideal arrangement, where the examination work is to find a development that misuses a measurably inspired score. By and large, available information apparatuses manage this ideal arrangement by methods for normal hunt strategies. As it required enormous measure of information space, along these lines it is a tedious method that ought to be stayed away from. The circumstance ends up unequivocal once huge information include in hunting down ideal arrangement. A calculation is acquainted with achieve quicker preparing of ideal arrangement by constraining the pursuit information space. The proposed algorithm consists of recursive calculation intthe inquiry space. The outcome demonstrates that the ideal component of the proposed algorithm can deal with enormous information by processing time, and a higher level of expectation rates

Real time monitoring system for upper arms rehabilitation exercise

Arm rehabilitation activities necessary to be continuously monitored in order to provide information of rehabilitation results to be examined by physical therapist. The determination of monitoring is to enhancing rehabilitation process. Moreover, a portable and simple home-based rehabilitation device can help patients to improve daily rehabilitation process activity. Some earlier studies regarding home-based rehabilitation process have shown improvement in promoting human movement recovery. This paper focuses on the development of a measurement by using arms guard and Smart Glove or Rehabilitation Glove, to assist stroke patient because of some complications such as accident and disease. This paper concourses on the method and application of mechanical equipment, sensors equipped Rehabilitation Glove measurement gripping activities. The devices will move based on a human operator's finger and arms movement using the Rehabilitation Glove. The system development involves a Microcontroller and HyperTerminal as a core processing for the instrumentation, communication and controlling applications. A series of bend or known as flex force sensors are fitted in a Rehabilitation Glove to get reading from the movement of human fingers. The quality of the force feedback is strongly affected by the maximum torque measurable by the Rehabilitation Glove and the performance of the force controller. Finally, the intelligence, learning and experience aspects of the human can be combined with the strength, endurance and speed of the human arms and Rehabilitation sensor in order to generate proper output of this paper. © 2015 IEEE

Design and fabrication of cost-effective heart-rate pulse monitoring sensor system

A traditional approach of heart rate measurement has always meant that people must go to hospitals to examine the patient disease at Cardiologist and medical officer. Most people have difficult such as no transport and lazy to go to the hospital for the check-ups of their conditions heart rate. This is because, before have a treatment or medical check-up, they should do an appointment. Besides that, demands of works very high nowadays. People busy with their works until forget to do medical check-ups. Additionally, the available portable heart rate monitoring machine is costly to buy for all. In this research, we develop a system which can be accommodate for all while everyone can do their check up at home and do not waste their time by waiting for their turn in the hospital to do the medical check-ups. The prototype is built using low cost electronics components. The prototype can do a self-check-up before seeing a medical practitioner may reduce mortality rate due to the silent killer that is heart attacks

The implementation of IoT based smart refrigerator system

Wasted food due to spoilage is a critical resource issue. Food waste or food loss is food that is discarded or lost uneaten. Currently, in the world, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), consumers waste about 1.3 billion tons of food annually and consumers in rich countries waste about 222 million tons of food products Once food products are purchased and set aside in a refrigerator, the users do not alert about their food items' expiration date and/or freshness unless they individually examine and track them. Moreover, for food products which are not labeled with an explicit expiration date may lead to significant food spoilage and additional expenditure for the users. However, with the latest trend technology of the Internet of Things (IoT), this problem can be resolved. Combining the idea of Internet of Things and smart kitchen evolution, the smart refrigerator system is developed. The system consists of three main parts which are sensing module, control module and transmission module. Sensing module consists of load cell and odour sensor while control module consists of Arduino UNO and power supply unit and last but not least, the transmission module consists of LCD module and Wi-Fi module. These modules work together to determine contents status inside the refrigerator and notify the user about the condition and quantity of the food via an SMS or an email

Fingerprint biometric systems

One of the popular and widely practiced biometric systems is fingerprint. Fingerprint biometric systems are smaller in size, easy to use and has low power. It is available and deployed globally in law enforcement, such as immigration, banking sectors, forensics, health care and many more. This study reviewed fingerprint biometric systems and the methods used in each proposed system. Many studies have been done in the area of feature extraction and matching stages. The current techniques used in these stages are minutiae-based and euclidean distance-based. Application of the fingerprint biometric system in the industries has been accepted widely and used in the Europe and some developed country. Malaysia has also incorporated the use of this system in its administration for controlling the point of entry at the Kuala Lumpur International Airport. Generally, fingerprint biometric systems can be categorized into recognition, security, identification and control systems. Each system has their benefits and drawbacks that complemented each other

A review of techniques in automatic programming assessment for practical skill test

Computer programming ability is a challenging competency that requires several cognitive skills and extensive practice. The increased number of students enrolled in computer and engineering courses and also the increased of failure and drop rate in programming subject is the motivational factor to this research. Due to the importance of this skill, this paper intends to study the landscape of current scenario in assisted assessment for hands-on practical programming focusing on competency-based assessment. The Bloom Taxonomy is used as a competency-based assessment platform. The review showed to-date that there are several automatic assessments for programming skills. However, there is no common grading being applied. Thus, further research is required to propose an automatic assessment that grades the student achievement based on learning taxonomy such as Bloom Cognitive Competency model